Many wild animals in nature can bite humans for defensive purposes. Some of these animals are harmful and some are harmless. Bacteria live in the saliva of most animals and these bacteria can cause various diseases such as tetanus or rabies. In such a case, it should be washed with clean water for 5 minutes and then wrapped with a sterile cloth. If the wound is very deep, a tamponade is recommended.
Snake Bites
If you are bitten by a snake, you should not panic. Panic accelerates your heartbeat, causing the poison to spread to our body in a shorter time. If you can identify that the snake is mildly venomous, simply rinse the wound with water and wrap it tightly. If you cannot identify the snake, the bite should not be washed away. Because from the venom you can tell which snake bit you. And the bite can be treated in the light of this knowledge. Pressure should be applied to the bite site.Figure 1 - Snake bite
The way to be followed in the intervention can be listed as follows:
- The patient is calmed and rested.
- The wound is washed with cold water.
- Jewelry or items that may exert pressure in the area close to the wound should be removed. (Rings, bracelets, watches, etc.)
- Cold application can be applied to the wound.
- A bandage can be applied to the four fingers of the injured area in a way that does not hinder the circulation.
- Tourniquet is not applied.
- The casualty should not be moved as much as possible.
- No attempt is made on the wound. (Not cut, not absorbed, etc.)
- The vital signs of the casualty are monitored.
- Medical assistance is sought. (112)
Insect Bites and Tick Adhesion
If there is a sting of the insect in bee and insect bites, it should be removed with the help of tweezers. It will be good to wash with water or rub some saliva on the wound. In some regions, it is also recommended to apply yogurt. It would be better if there is a solution for insect bites.- The area stinged by the bee or bitten by the insect should be washed.
- If the bee's sting is visible on the skin, it is removed.
- Cold application (cold water) is done. Ammonia etc. not used.
- If a bee sting from the mouth makes it difficult to breathe, the person is provided to suck ice.
- Medical help is sought for oral stings and allergy sufferers.
- The insect must be photographed.
Figure 2 - tick bite I
Scorpion Stings
Scorpion stings are very common among soil workers. The scorpion poisons by stinging with the venom sac and sting at the tip of its tail. The effect of scorpion stings; It varies according to the type of scorpion, size, age, gender, aggression, season, allergy sensitivity of the stinger, age, and the proximity of the sting area to organs with vital functions. Especially people with heart and respiratory disorders are more affected by scorpion stings. In fact, the depth of the hole left by the needle in the inserted organ also indicates the effect of poisoning. If the needle hits the bone, it leaves much less impact as it cannot reach the soft tissue parts below. All scorpions have a neurotoxic (central nervous system) venom. However, some exotic species have cytotoxic (affecting cells) venom.- The patient is sedated.
- The area of the sting is not moved.
- The patient or injured is kept in a supine position.
- Cold application is applied to the stinged area.
- A bandage is applied to the upper part of the four fingers of the puncture site in a way that does not prevent circulation.
- Tourniquet is not applied.
- No attempt should be made on the wound. (Not cut, not absorbed, etc.)
- Medical assistance is sought. (112)